[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.allka.cz\/cestina-versus-ostatni-jazyky\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.allka.cz\/cestina-versus-ostatni-jazyky\/","headline":"\u010ce\u0161tina versus ostatn\u00ed jazyky","name":"\u010ce\u0161tina versus ostatn\u00ed jazyky","description":"\u010cesk\u00fd jazyk pat\u0159\u00ed mezi jazyky slovansk\u00e9, resp. z\u00e1padoslovansk\u00e9 pat\u0159\u00edc\u00ed do skupiny jazyk\u016f indoevropsk\u00fdch. Dal\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1padoslovansk\u00e9 jazyky jsou je\u0161t\u011b pol\u0161tina, sloven\u0161tina, &hellip; <span class=\"read-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.allka.cz\/cestina-versus-ostatni-jazyky\/\" class=\"more-link\">Pokra\u010dovat ve \u010dten\u00ed<\/a><\/span>","datePublished":"2025-03-01","dateModified":"2023-05-05","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.allka.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.allka.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/06eaac2906ebd8f5abb4917f3140de1503ec690466d6a69c4ec202bf5b15537c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/06eaac2906ebd8f5abb4917f3140de1503ec690466d6a69c4ec202bf5b15537c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"allka.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.allka.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a329090_w2667_t1541345371.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.allka.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a329090_w2667_t1541345371.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.allka.cz\/cestina-versus-ostatni-jazyky\/","about":["Vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed"],"wordCount":405,"articleBody":"\u010cesk\u00fd jazyk pat\u0159\u00ed mezi jazyky slovansk\u00e9, resp. z\u00e1padoslovansk\u00e9 pat\u0159\u00edc\u00ed do skupiny jazyk\u016f indoevropsk\u00fdch. Dal\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1padoslovansk\u00e9 jazyky jsou je\u0161t\u011b pol\u0161tina, sloven\u0161tina, lu\u017eick\u00e1 srb\u0161tina a ka\u0161ub\u0161tina. Nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00edm jazykem \u010de\u0161tin\u011b je sloven\u0161tina. Mluv\u010d\u00ed t\u011bchto jazyk\u016f jsou si pr\u00fd schopni porozum\u011bt a\u017e z 95%, proto\u017ee od roku 1918 a\u017e do roku 1992 byli \u010cesko a Slovensko sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed jednoho st\u00e1tu s dv\u011bma \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edmi jazyky. Nejv\u00edce slov p\u0159evzala \u010de\u0161tina z \u0159e\u010dtiny a latiny, angli\u010dtiny, n\u011bm\u010diny, ru\u0161tiny, ital\u0161tiny a francouz\u0161tiny. Naopak ale sv\u011btov\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00e9 slovo robot je \u010desk\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu a roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ilo se d\u00edky divadeln\u00ed h\u0159e R.U.R., kterou napsal Karel \u010capek.   Co je pro \u010de\u0161tinu typick\u00e9? \u00b7 kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 a dlouh\u00e9 samohl\u00e1sky \u2013 odli\u0161uj\u00ed v\u00fdznam slov (byt x b\u00fdt) \u00b7 koncovky \u00b7 psan\u00ed i x y \u00b7 spodoba zn\u011blosti (led x let) \u00b7 hl\u00e1sky \u0159, ch \u00b7 p\u0159\u00edzvuk je na prvn\u00ed slabice \u00b7 pouze 3 slovesn\u00e9 \u010dasy (minul\u00fd, p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00fd, budouc\u00ed) \u00b7 slovesn\u00fd vid \u00b7 voln\u00fd slovosled \u00b7 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 \u010dleny Kolik m\u00e1 \u010de\u0161tina slov? Po\u010det je ud\u00e1v\u00e1n podle zat\u00edm nejrozs\u00e1hlej\u0161\u00edho P\u0159\u00edru\u010dn\u00edho slovn\u00edku jazyka \u010desk\u00e9ho, postupn\u011b vydan\u00e9ho v letech 1935\u20131956, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 250 000 hesel (a to bez nespisovn\u00fdch slov, nap\u0159. vulgarism\u016f nebo slangov\u00fdch slov). Jeliko\u017e se jazyk neust\u00e1le vyv\u00edj\u00ed, p\u0159esn\u00fd po\u010det nelze s jistotou ur\u010dit. Nej\u010dast\u011bji \u00fadajn\u011b pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me spojku a, d\u00e1le pr\u00fd n\u00e1sleduj\u00ed b\u00fdt a ten. Dal\u0161\u00ed nej\u010dast\u011bji pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e1 slova jsou \u017eivot, \u010dlov\u011bk, den a rok.  \u010ce\u0161tin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 perli\u010dky Mezi nejdel\u0161\u00ed slova se \u0159ad\u00ed \u201enejneobhospoda\u0159ov\u00e1vateln\u011bj\u0161\u00edho\u201c se 30 hl\u00e1skami a \u201enejnevykrystalizov\u00e1vateln\u011bj\u0161\u00edho\u201c s 31 hl\u00e1skami. Dal\u0161\u00ed zaj\u00edmavost\u00ed je slovo slo\u017een\u00e9 pouze ze souhl\u00e1sek, mezi nejdel\u0161\u00ed takov\u00e9 pat\u0159\u00ed slovo \u201e\u010dtvrthrst\u201c, konkuruje mu \u201escvrnkls\u201c. Nejv\u00edce h\u00e1\u010dk\u016f a \u010d\u00e1rek nad p\u00edsmeny je ve spojen\u00ed \u201eled\u0148\u00e1\u010d\u010d\u00ed \u0159\u00ed\u010dka\u201c. A dok\u00e1\u017eete vymyslet je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce slabik ti za sebou ne\u017e ve v\u011bt\u011b: Hodlaj\u00ed zaplatiti ti ti ti\u0161\u00ed ho\u0161i? \u010ce\u0161tina dok\u00e1\u017ee tak\u00e9 tvo\u0159it \u00fa\u017easn\u00e9 palindromy, co\u017e jsou v\u011bty, kter\u00e9 se daj\u00ed \u010d\u00edst oboustrann\u011b a maj\u00ed stejn\u00fd v\u00fdznam. Nap\u0159\u00edklad \u2013 Jelenovi pivo nelej. Co n\u00e1m ned\u00e1 noc, m\u00e1 noc. Kobyla m\u00e1 mal\u00fd bok.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         4.7\/5 - (6 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"\u010ce\u0161tina versus ostatn\u00ed jazyky","item":"https:\/\/www.allka.cz\/cestina-versus-ostatni-jazyky\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]